The record of the Rio Carnival's history shows 1723. They introduced the referees Entrudo from the Portuguese islands and Cabo Verde, Acores, Madeira. The idea was, in general, that everyone was soaking wet. People would pick up all the possible sacrifices that would spring up on the streets with their water-filled buckets in their hands. Even the emperors participated in this recreational activity. In 1855, there is a record of a woman who was arrested for throwing her water to the protection of Dom Pedro I. Many authorities have been unable to restrict Entrudo, and this fun activity is forbidden in the end.



Ze Pereira has also made an important contribution to the history of the Carnival of Rio. In the mid-nineteenth century there was a Portuguese shoemaker named Jose Nogueira de Azevedo. On every carnival day, Jose traveled the streets with his whistles, pans, tamborines and drums. Anyone who wants this entertainment can join. The other Grandes sociedades, or Great societies, ruled a well-organized parade of ceremonies, for the first time in 1855, with the participation of the king himself. It consisted of a masked group of 80 aristocrats with flowers, music, parades with luxury costumes. It was definitely a big winner. Tenentes do Diabo, Fenianos and Democraticos were the three most important groups.

Another interesting and fun activity in the history of the Rio Carnival is the Cordao Carnavalesco. The invention of this event began in 1870. Dancers, peasants, witches, kings and queens were the main characters and performing according to the clothes they wore. There is also another activity, called Cordoes de Velhos, in which the participants wear big paper masks and participate in the old men's march.

These fun activities on the history of the Rio Carnival were helping people forget the troubles and anguish of their daily lives. These cultures are based on releasing human desires in varying sizes. Some of the communities suppress it, some keep it under control, and others simply release it for the pure celebration. Brazilians, football, samba or carnaval who are included in the 3rd and the last unlimited celebrations in the group; They are always ready to laugh.

A person can choose any method for suicide, but the guillotine is a very interesting option because those who choose this method have to build their guillotines themselves. This is irony because if a person has enough motivation to build a guillotine from scratch, why did he commit suicide? Where does this person have the motivation to build a guillotine if he is a badge of cloth to suicide?


Our first case comes from England in 2003.

A carpenter named Boyd Taylor decides not to commit suicide and sees fit as a suicide way to cut his own head with a guillotine. At the age of 36, Boyd Taylor is doing a plan and drafting. Then making the appropriate measurement format for the plan and bringing his own timber to the room of the house and building the guillotine after months of hunting. When the man commits suicide with this guillotine without telling anyone, his father lives in the same house but lives in different rooms and he thinks that a furniture is falling first, but he is shocked by the scene he sees. Experts say that the device built by boyd taylor for suicide was constructed in a very professional manner and that it works flawlessly and that they have the same mechanics as those used years ago in france.



This time in England again in 2007 a dirty smell is heard in the forest and the police are being searched.

The police arrive at the scene when they arrive at the place where the shoka is arriving. They again find a person who is separated from a professionally established guillotine and head of the head. This time the victim is a 41-year-old male known to have an unknown and mental illness. The installed device is standing at a height of 2 meters and standing in a way attached to the trees. According to the experts, the vast majority of the cases of Ahur are happening with sudden decisions, but the suicide cases with such mechanisms have a different place because they are planned and planned suicide cases.



47-year-old engineer in russia albert repin

And then ends his life with the guillotine he built secretly in his home where he lived with his parents. Here again, a very sophisticated mechanism and weeks of build-up are striking.


The most important detail in all these suicide cases is that these people, who are weary enough to commit suicide, must be motivated and disciplined to work for months and build a sophisticated machine. Which makes the suicide cases even more interesting.

World public opinion calls them pirates. These words make romantic associations in our memories. Barbaros Hayrettin Pasha (Khidrir Reis), Vikings, Treasure Island, Pirates of the Caribbean are the first names to come to mind.



Pirates were democracies at a time when democracies were not. The captain was selected on the tapes. Mission continuous action, continuous attack. The captain was not supposed to come to the side of the bed, had to find ways to attack the captain and get the booty. The assistant was again selected by the crew. His task was to divide the spoils properly, to ensure the functioning of the rules. The booty for the crew was very important. Because there was no other purpose or means of livelihood.

Particularly in recent years, those living in the Gulf of Aden have updated the pirate again. Somalis pirates are kidnapping ships, robbing them and asking for ransom. Initially, they are targeting international fishing companies, then oil rigs and now oil tankers.

These people from the Puntland region of Somalia, with speed guns equipped with heavy weapons, are storming in the Gulf of Aden. In order to fight against them, various armies are coming ...

Are they bandits, rebels, religious terrorists, who are they?

The assailants reached 240 in mid-June. However, this figure was 114 last year. According to a survey by Somali's independent internet news site Wardher News, 70 percent of the people support and justify the pirates. Because they protect national waters and their rights, they come out.

However, looking at the general view, the opposite is the case. Among the blessings of globalization; Transferring goods, opposing free trade, hijacking ships, keeping ship personnel, ransoming, and al-Qaeda-linked terrorists.

What's causing the pirates to take these actions, which has kept them for days on the ship crew?

Somalia has been in civil war since 1991. Muhammad Siad Barre was "terrorist" Islamist, and was headed by the international operation. A temporary administration was established instead. The new administration has failed to establish public and social order. The country is divided into 7 state divisions. Moreover, civil war between Muslim groups, wars between families, the lack of industry and agriculture, a fragmented fishery sector, the western settlement of underground and surface resources, the number of children per woman of 6.2, .

Especially the north of the country was even more influenced by the negativity. While tens of thousands of people were trying to survive fishing, the big fishermen from around the world plundered these beasts. So much so that even an Iranian-flagged ship was hunting here. (Later pirates were abducted.)

Mangrove forests in Somalia have been plundered for years by Western companies for their furniture and wood needs. In 2004 Tsunami hit a new blow to the neighborhood. While over 300 people lost their lives, over 18 houses completely disappeared. Soils and groundwaters are salted. 65 percent of the country's population lacks clean water. We need dozens of rains and rain for the water to be able to drink again. Biodiversity and balance are down. Poisonous wastes left on the coast lead to pollution.

It's open. Uranium from nuclear power plants does not disappear for millions of years. No technique and method is alive and it can not prevent damage to nature. Moreover, even where most of these wastes are stored and transported, they are secretly kept by the managers.

ODM from Lugano in the field of nuclear waste storage is a world famous company. Even on the Internet it carries the title of "the most reliable company". The company's proprietor Giorgio Comerio makes a million-dollar offer to former Mahmoud Ali Mahdi, who lives in northeastern Somalia. The aim is to store nuclear waste there.

Mafia solidarity



Whether it is investigating this event, Italian television program Illaria Alpi and Miran Hrovatin. The information they gather for this purpose informs them that there is a hidden waste of nuclear waste in Somalia. They are executed on the street for 2 hours to meet with two officers working in the nuclear cemetery store in Somalia's Mogadishu city.

Those who want to expose their dirty connections do not die. As a result of these reactions and rumors emerging on October 8, 2007, the Potenza provincial chief prosecutor (Southern Italy) sued on the grounds that "radioactive wastes were sold to the mafia and the waste uranium was illegally marketed". The defendants of the case are the 7th Director of the National Research and Development Bureau (ENEA) in the State Institute of Technology, Energy and Environment. It is alleged that the administrators have imported radioactive waste from other European countries, stored it in southern Italy and sold it to the mafia to get rid of it, and that the mafia has disposed of it outside Italy. It is also suggested that these wastes are likely to be taken over by Islamic terrorists.

A parliamentary inquiry committee is established on the subject. Dirty relations are scattered in the middle.

Francesco Fonti, the former leader of the country's leading mafia leader and Gladyoye, confessed to the commission that he had previously been released: "I negotiated with the ENEA director Tommaso Candelieri on the disposal of nuclear power plant waste. He personally paid 400,000 Euros in advance for this work. We buried the nuclear waste of Switzerland, Spain, Germany and France in the waters by sinking a ship in Somalia. "

Massimo Scalia, head of the Italian Parliament's Research Commission, said in a statement to the Inter Press Agency: "Italy earns $ 7 billion a year from the trade of atomic waste. At $ 250 per ton, it is exported to African countries at $ 2.5 per tonne. In 2001 alone, 600 thousand tons of nuclear waste was sunk in Africa. Not only Somalia, Zaire, Malawi, Eritre, Algeria, Mozambique are among these countries. "

The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) report, which examines the Tsunami disaster on December 26, 2004, is presented at the 23rd session of the more than one hundred nations' environmental ministers in Nairobi on 21-25 July 2005. The report is appalling: "As a result of the tsunami, Somali's borders have not been ruined, especially nuclear waste has been scattered across the coast. Many people in the tsunami affected regions have faced unusual health problems. Respiratory diseases, stomach bleeding, skin rashes and diseases and sudden deaths have occurred. "

The report on page 134 of the Commission's report also documents how developed countries use Africa as their landfill: "Somalia is one of many underdeveloped countries and has been unloading and sinking ships filled with countless atomic waste and other harmful wastes since the early '80s . Among these waste materials are uranium, cadmium, lead, processed silver. "

What is Rainbow? How does it occur? What are Features and Varieties?

Rainbow, a phenomenon of meteorology, is the result of reflection of the sun's rays on the clouds of rain and mist. The rainbow, which provides a visually spectacular view, is interpreted differently in every culture. How does the rainbow form, when does it come out, what are its types and features? Now, with answers to these questions, let me learn the rainbow in depth.

Scientific and mythological explanations about the formation of the rainbow are very different. For many years before the scientific explanations, different beliefs about rainbow formation emerged. The formation of the rainbow is now a mystery and is based on a scientific explanation. The rainbow is a seven-color image of the sun's rays. This image is a phenomenon of meteorology that comes to fruition in the sky. As it is understood from the researches, there is no relation between the rainbow and the gods and their bridges.

In this case, the belief that the genders of the underwomen will change is also inherently invalid. The first true information about the rainbow was actually first reached in Milano. In this information, the relationship between the rainbow and the sun can be determined. However, mythological beliefs have continued for many years. The rainbow can sometimes appear in the sky as more than one at the same time. Although it is made of 7 colors, it often does not appear to be complete and clear. Also, although we see it as a semi-circle, it can also be a circle according to the point of view.

What is Rainbow?

It is called the rainbow to be meteorological in which the colors of the light spectrum appear as arcs, which occur as a reflection and refraction of the sun rays on rain drops or fog clouds. In other words, light rays are reflected by breaking through water drops. This is the result of the reflection comes out in great colors. Their colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, dark blue and mordant respectively. It is also seen that indigo blue is used for navy blue and violet color is used for purple. The other names of the rainbow vary according to the cultures, along with the ebb, the ebenkuşağı, the haclarkağı, the ostrich, the motherland of Mary, and the alimimisemidir.

What are the characteristics of the rainbow?

Rainbow, which is the result of reflection of sun rays in rain drops, has caused the birth of different legends since ancient times. In general, the characteristics of the rainbow that we talk about the way it is formed and its colors are:

The bow shape of the rainbow is red in the outermost part, and purple in the innermost part.

Color transitions are not sharp but foggy.

The rainbow looks half circle. However, it can be seen as a rainbow cone at the top of the mountain, such as a mountain top or an airplane.

Rainbows are seen especially when it rains in the afternoon.

In order to be able to see the rainbow, it is necessary to take the sun behind and look at the other side.

The position of the rainbow varies according to the position of the sun and the angle of the stance. As the sun goes upwards, the rainbow will go down.

How Does Rainbow Happen?

When the rain falls, the drops come out at the right angle and the light breaks and reflects. This reflects the light after the reflection. The scattered people see it as a rainbow. When the droplets are large, the generations that are formed will be clearer. Rain drops and sunlight are essential elements in rainbow formation. Another important point is the angle of the sun in the sky. If the angle is wrong, it is impossible to see the rainbow.

What are the Varieties of Rainbow?

The rainbow is separated by some small details. The primary rainbow is the most common type of rainbow. The center angle of this type is 42 °. Another name is the primitive rainbow, and in the color sequence, red is the outermost, purple is the innermost. The array of colors starts with red inward from outside, orange, yellow, green, blue, dark blue and mordur.

Another rainbow species is the secondary rainbow. In this kind of rainbow color sequence is different from the other. The purple is the outermost part of the red interior. The last rainbow variety is small birds. In these generations, colors are more limited. Only narrow red or green color bands are available. These small belts are located on the inner side in the primary rainbeds and on the outer side in the secondary rainbows.

Rainbow in Greek Mythology

According to Greek mythology, Hera, the queen of the gods, used Iris to communicate with the earth. It was thought that Iris, the messenger who went to wear the colorful dress, landed on the earth like this. People realized when Iris was on duty that the rainbow appeared and Iris (Eris) was considered a rainbow goddess. In Greek mythology there was also a symbol of every name. The symbol representing Iris is the rainbow. According to different mythologies, the rainbow was regarded as a bridge between the world and heaven. In Greek mythology and other mythologies, the common point about rainbow again is that it is often loaded with a meaning to it.

Rainbow in other cultures

Rainbow has been recognized as a symbol of luck and hope in western cultures. According to the beliefs of Muslims living in Iran, there is the meaning of the colors found in the rainbow. Green abundance symbolizes yellow death and red war. In the region of Siberia the meaning of the sun is given to the rainbow. For the inhabitants of South America, it represents the chance of the rainbow appearing above the sea.

Mariana dip is located in the middle of Japan and Indonesia, south west of the Guam island, known as the southernmost island of the Mariana Islands, the westernmost of the Great Ocean. It is the deepest point on earth. As a result of researches carried out by scientists, it has been determined that the deepest point is 10,994 meters and the length is 2542 kilometers. The width of the pit is 69 kilometers.



To explain how the Mariana Thrower is formed; Sometimes some of the plates forming the earth's crust collide by approaching each other. As a result of this collision, one of the plaques enters under another and performs a situation called 'plunge'.

The plunge state means that the plate, which is superior in density, slides under the less dense plate. As a result, severe earthquakes can be seen in these areas and the depths of the earthquakes can reach 700 km according to the size of the plates. Here is a pit in the Mariana Çukuru where the Pacific plate and the Mariana Plate hit each other.

This naturally occurring enormous depth is first descended by American soldier Lieutenant Donald Walsh and Swiss scientist Jacques Pichard. In order to perform the dive, they used a vehicle called Batiskaf (a steel ball-shaped rigid material capable of withstanding very high pressures, a vehicle that drained gasoline for diving, and took salt water instead of sea water). The dive lasted for exactly 5 hours and descended to a depth of 10916 meters. On March 25, 2012, James Cameron, who directed and produced the famous films such as Titanic, Terminator, Aliens and Avatar at the same time, succeeded in getting off the base in 156 minutes with his own private submarine. completed.



Although these journeys to the depths of Mariana Thrower have been overtaken without accidents and accidents, the threats that are chest stretched and ignored are quite large because the pressure at the bottom point is almost 1000 times the pressure of the earth's surface. James Cameron's diving submarine was built to withstand a pressure that could be more than 7250 per square meter. Ocean pressure increases every kilometer in every 10 meters per square centimeter. When this example is given, it can be clearly understood that no man can land in such depth without equipments and without help and improved tool.

The number of Irish-Americans is around 44 million, 12% of the total American population, the only ethnic group larger than German-Americans. The largest Irish-American societies are Chicago, Boston, New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Kansas, Savannah and Georgia. From the 1760s the Irish began to migrate to America with considerable numbers of people, but especially during and after the Great Depression, they came to America through literally millions of Atlantic.



After 1860, Irish refugees to America continued with family reunions, and people established Irish neighborhoods in major cities. Irish employers are hired on railways, roads and other construction projects. Irish men also found jobs in fire departments and police departments. Many departments have large 'Emerald Societies', bandstand bars, and other things that display Irish heritage. A large number of Irish Catholic women also entered the maid service as middle-class hotels and pensions. Although they started at the bottom of the social scale in the beginning, when they came to the 1900s they developed themselves and reached the average salary level. After 1945, they began to enter the higher levels of the social hierarchy, and this was a result of their high participation, especially in the universities.

Annually celebrated St. Patrick's day is the most famous symbol of the Irish in America, and everything about Ireland is celebrated, New York City attracts more than two million people. According to the latest census, Irish is the language of today's America, 662 is the 322 languages ​​spoken in America, and there are more than 25 speakers.